Where are credentials often stored inappropriately?

Credentials are often stored inappropriately in plain text, app source code, configuration files, and similar locations because these methods do not provide sufficient security measures to protect sensitive information. Storing credentials in plain text makes them easily accessible to anyone who can read the file, posing a significant risk if the source code or configuration files are shared or exposed accidentally. For instance, if a developer inadvertently pushes code to a public repository, any embedded credentials will be visible to unauthorized users.

Additionally, configuration files and source code are often less secured than dedicated credential management systems. Unlike secure servers or encrypted databases, which are designed to protect sensitive data with access controls and strong encryption methods, these less secure locations provide no such protections. This makes them prime targets for attackers looking to exploit vulnerabilities.

In contrast, secure servers and encrypted databases utilize best practices for security, and cloud storage with strict access controls is managed to prevent unauthorized access. These methods are designed to protect sensitive information and are considered more appropriate for credential storage.