In what mode does Vault allow for multiple agents but with different permissions?

Namespace mode is the correct choice because it allows you to create multiple isolated environments within a single Vault instance, which can each have different permissions. Each namespace can manage its own set of policies, secrets, and authentication methods, making it ideal for multi-tenant setups or organizations that require different teams to operate with varied access levels and permissions.

This capability of assigning distinct permissions in separate namespaces facilitates controlled access to sensitive data while maintaining the centralized management benefits of a single Vault deployment. For instance, in a scenario where different departments need access to different sets of secrets, namespacing ensures they can operate independently without compromising security.

The other options do not offer the same level of granularity in permission management. High Availability mode focuses on redundancy and uptime rather than access control. Standalone mode does not support multiple agents or permission differentiation as it operates as a single instance. Replication mode is geared towards data replication across different Vaults, but it does not provide distinct permission sets for multiple agents within the same Vault instance.